Winter bike tires: when you need studs and how to choose the size

FATRACING · Updated October 9, 2026

Choose a winter tire based on the surface and compatibility with the wheel. For ice, consider metal studs; for loose snow, width and tread pattern are important. The inscription '26' or '29' does not replace checking the ETRTO rim diameter, rim width, and bike clearances.

Asphalt, snow, and ice require different solutions

Mainly cleared asphalt: Check if there is ice on certain sections. Studs can add noise and rolling resistance; it is not necessary to choose them only by the calendar.
Regular ice and freezing puddles: Spikes are needed for adhesion to ice. Ordinary large rubber checkers do not perform the same task.
Loose snow: Width and pattern affect the passability. Spikes do not turn a narrow city tire into a fat bike and do not guarantee movement through deep snow.

45NRTH shares scenarios for using studded tires. The manufacturer emphasizes that grip, even on studs, is not equal to dry pavement: maintain a distance cushion and change your route when handling is insufficient.

How to check the size: example 50-622

In the ETRTO notation 50-622 the first number is the nominal width of the tire in millimeters, the second is the seat diameter. For installation, the seat diameter of the wheel must match; the width is checked separately for compatibility of the rim, frame and fork.

U Schwalbe Marathon Winter Plus with article number 11100-597.01 The size 50-622 is specified, inch designation 28×2.00, chamber installation, and 208 spikes. These are the data for a specific version, not all Marathon Winter Plus. Another size of the same model needs to be checked again.

Rewrite the full ETRTO from the current tire and find the rim data.
Check the allowed sizes from the manufacturers of the tire, rim, and bicycle.
Measure and check the clearances, taking into account the fender and protruding studs. The actual width after installation may differ from the nominal one.
Check if this is a tubed version and if the selected installation method is allowed. A studded tire does not automatically become tubeless.

If the old tire is marked 40-622, the overall seat diameter with 50-622 does not yet confirm that the new width will fit the bike. If in doubt, show the specifications master before buying.

How to choose pressure in winter

Don't apply the universal advice 'deflate to one bar' to any tire. Consider the limitations of the tire and rim, the weight of the system, the surface, and the installation method. Cold itself doesn't give permission to go beyond the permitted range.

In Schwalbe winter instructions the pressure change for grip is described, with a minimum noted on the sidewall. For the mentioned Marathon Winter Plus 50-622, the manufacturer indicates 2.5–5 bar. This is the range for a specific tire; your rim limitations must be checked separately. Values for a fatbike do not apply here.

After installation, start with the permissible pressure and a short check. Change one condition at a time; monitor the behavior of the wheel and the contact of the tire with the frame. The basic principles are in pressure guide, the estimated reference is in calculator. The calculator result doesn't override the manufacturer's limits.

Is break-in of spikes necessary

Schwalbe recommends running in your studded tires approximately 40 km on asphalt, avoiding intense acceleration and braking. The goal is to secure the stud seating. This is a Schwalbe guideline, not a mandatory distance for all brands.

Before the first ride, read the manual for your specific model. After installation, check the direction of rotation, bead seating, pressure and free rotation of both wheels. Do not start breaking in from the most difficult icy section.

Lost studs on some models can be replaced with a branded kit and tool. Check compatibility; homemade fasteners with sharp ends pointing inward can damage the system.

What to ask the seller before buying

What is the exact part number, full ETRTO size, and permitted pressure?
Are there studs in the supplied version, how many are there, and are compatible spares available?
What type of installation is allowed: tubed or a specific tubeless system?
What is the recommended break-in period and is there a manufacturer's guide?
For used ones: are there any cracks, rim damage, noticeable wear, and empty spaces instead of studs?

In the announcement flea markets Ask for photos of the markings and condition of both tires. The words 'winter, fits 29' are not enough to check compatibility. Model prices and availability in Russia are not compared here.

When the kit is chosen, prepare the rest of the equipment according to Winter ride plan. Material checked against documentation on October 9, 2026; comparative tests of tires on snow and ice were not conducted.